U.S. History Outline: I. The Colonies
English Civil War around 1600 resulted in persecution of Puritans, so Puritans emigrated
1607 - Virginia - London/Plymouth Co.
1587 - Roanoke
1607 - Jamestown of Chesapeake, John Smith
1609 - Virginia Co., more settlers came
1609-1610 - Starving time, 90% death rate
1610 - Priate land ownership
1612 - John Rolfe, tobacco farming
Headright - 50 acres for every adult who settled
1619 - Virginia House of Burgesses, first slaves
1624 - Virginia Co. goes bankrupt, becomes Virginia crown colony
1640 - Powhatan, Susquehanna defeated
1676 - Bacon's Rebellion
Deog Indians attacked
Bacon was angry that Governor Barkley tried to appease Indians
Bacon raised army, overthrew Barkley, burned the town
1620 - Plymouth - Pilgrims (Puritan separatists or Congregationalists)
Pilgrims had permission to settle in Virginia but landed in Massachusetts
Mayflower Compact - set up a goverment outside jurisdiction of Virginia Co.
Squanto, friendly Indians
William Bradford - 2nd governor of colony
1621 - became a chartered colony
1625 - Charles I
1629 - Massachusetts Bay Colony - Puritans (non-separatists)
1630 - first settlement of over 1000 (largest single migration)
1630 - set up own government
Each town had own little government, self-governed
Only elect ("Saints") could hold public office, which caused frequent divisions
1635 - Connecticut - Thomas Hooker and his congregation
Hooker broke from the Massachusetts colony government
1639 - Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
1662 - recognized as a colony and given royal charter
1635 - Rhode Island - Roger Williams and followers
Williams broke from Massachusetts government
Bought land from Indians to found town of Providence
1644 - obtained royal charter
Only American colony with complete religious freedom
1629 - Maine and New Hampshire
Separated from Massachusetts by the Council of New England
1639 - New Hampshire - followers of Anne Hutchinson (Anti-Nomianists)
John Mason was governor
John Wrainwright started the colony
1679 - recognized as a colony
1675 - King Phillip's War
Wompanowags - Massachusetts had tried to assert court jurisdiction over Indians
Lasted 1 year, ended with help from Mohawks
1632 - Maryland
Established for Catholics, proprietary
Led by a noble with charter
Founded by George Calvert
1649 - Act Concerning Religion established religious freedom
1624 - New Netherlands - Dutch
Colony in the New York area
Peter Stuyvesant was governor
1642 - English Civil War
1647 - Cromwell became Lord Protector
1660 - Stuart Restoration (King Charles II took over)
1663-1665 - Carolinas
Charles II paid off 8 supporters by giving them the Carolinas
These 8 sold land to settlers, set up headrights, government, etc.
All but one of the 8 eventually quit, had to pay colonists
1690 - Charleston
John Locke drew up Fundamental Constitution for Carolina (never actually instituted)
Carolina split into North and South
Southern region had ties to sugar islands
Northern region was mostly farms
Conflicts between rich South and poor North
1729 - English Crown divided colony into NC and SC
1664 - New York
Proprietary with rich noble class (like Carolina)
1664 - British took New York from Dutch
Charles II gave his brother (Duke of York) the NY area
Dutch already owned the NY region
1664 - British sailed into harbor
Dutch colonists hated their governor Stuyvesant
Dutch threw the governor off the dock and surrendered to British
1673 - Dutch retook New Amsterdam
1674 - British recaptured New Amsterdam and renamed it New York
Conflicts between land-owning and poor
1685 - New York was the most populous colony
1702 - New Jersey
Duke of York gave this region to two of his friends
1702 - New Jersey declared a separate colony
1681 - Pennsylvania
Charles II gave land to William Penn
Penn founded a colony for Quakers
Religious freedom, no church heirarchy
1682 - Philadelphia was built, but no one lived there
1701 - Charter of Liberties
Established representative government
Allowed counties to form new colonies
1703 - Delaware
County that broke away from Pennsylvania
1773 - Georgia
Queen Anne's War (1701-1713) showed need for a buffer for Carolinas
Founded by a charity
Military - protected Carolinas from Spanish Florida and Indian raids
Founded by Oglethorpe
Resettled poor and criminals, colony was tightly disciplined
No slaves, no alcohol, no catholics
Colony leadership broke down
Residents wanted to own slaves
People angry at Oglethorpe's dictatorship
1750 - end of ban on slavery
1752 - English King authorized an elected government for colony
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