APStudent.com I. The Colonies English Civil War around 1600 resulted in persecution of Puritans, so Puritans emigrated. 1607 - Virginia - London/Plymouth Co. 1587 - Roanoke 1607 - Jamestown of Chesapeake, John Smith 1609 - Virginia Co., more settlers came 1609-1610 - Starving time, 90% death rate 1610 - Priate land ownership 1612 - John Rolfe, tobacco farming Headright - 50 acres for every adult who settled 1619 - Virginia House of Burgesses, first slaves 1624 - Virginia Co. goes bankrupt, becomes Virginia crown colony 1640 - Powhatan, Susquehanna defeated 1676 - Bacon's Rebellion Deog Indians attacked Bacon was angry that Governor Barkley tried to appease Indians Bacon raised army, overthrew Barkley, burned the town 1620 - Plymouth - Pilgrims (Puritan separatists or Congregationalists) Pilgrims had permission to settle in Virginia but landed in Massachusetts Mayflower Compact - set up a goverment outside jurisdiction of Virginia Co. Squanto, friendly Indians William Bradford - 2nd governor of colony 1621 - became a chartered colony 1625 - Charles I 1629 - Massachusetts Bay Colony - Puritans (non-separatists) 1630 - first settlement of over 1000 (largest single migration) 1630 - set up own government Each town had own little government, self-governed Only elect ("Saints") could hold public office, which caused frequent divisions 1635 - Connecticut - Thomas Hooker and his congregation Hooker broke from the Massachusetts colony government 1639 - Fundamental Orders of Connecticut 1662 - recognized as a colony and given royal charter 1635 - Rhode Island - Roger Williams and followers Williams broke from Massachusetts government Bought land from Indians to found town of Providence 1644 - obtained royal charter Only American colony with complete religious freedom 1629 - Maine and New Hampshire Separated from Massachusetts by the Council of New England 1639 - New Hampshire - followers of Anne Hutchinson (Anti-Nomianists) John Mason was governor John Wrainwright started the colony 1679 - recognized as a colony 1675 - King Phillip's War Wompanowags - Massachusetts had tried to assert court jurisdiction over Indians Lasted 1 year, ended with help from Mohawks 1632 - Maryland Established for Catholics, proprietary Led by a noble with charter Founded by George Calvert 1649 - Act Concerning Religion established religious freedom 1624 - New Netherlands - Dutch Colony in the New York area Peter Stuyvesant was governor 1642 - English Civil War 1647 - Cromwell became Lord Protector 1660 - Stuart Restoration (King Charles II took over) 1663-1665 - Carolinas Charles II paid off 8 supporters by giving them the Carolinas These 8 sold land to settlers, set up headrights, government, etc. All but one of the 8 eventually quit, had to pay colonists 1690 - Charleston John Locke drew up Fundamental Constitution for Carolina (never actually instituted) Carolina split into North and South Southern region had ties to sugar islands Northern region was mostly farms Conflicts between rich South and poor North 1729 - English Crown divided colony into NC and SC 1664 - New York Proprietary with rich noble class (like Carolina) 1664 - British took New York from Dutch Charles II gave his brother (Duke of York) the NY area Dutch already owned the NY region 1664 - British sailed into harbor Dutch colonists hated their governor Stuyvesant Dutch threw the governor off the dock and surrendered to British 1673 - Dutch retook New Amsterdam 1674 - British recaptured New Amsterdam and renamed it New York Conflicts between land-owning and poor 1685 - New York was the most populous colony 1702 - New Jersey Duke of York gave this region to two of his friends 1702 - New Jersey declared a separate colony 1681 - Pennsylvania Charles II gave land to William Penn Penn founded a colony for Quakers Religious freedom, no church heirarchy 1682 - Philadelphia was built, but no one lived there 1701 - Charter of Liberties Established representative government Allowed counties to form new colonies 1703 - Delaware County that broke away from Pennsylvania 1773 - Georgia Queen Anne's War (1701-1713) showed need for a buffer for Carolinas Founded by a charity Military - protected Carolinas from Spanish Florida and Indian raids Founded by Oglethorpe Resettled poor and criminals, colony was tightly disciplined No slaves, no alcohol, no catholics Colony leadership broke down Residents wanted to own slaves People angry at Oglethorpe's dictatorship 1750 - end of ban on slavery 1752 - English King authorized an elected government for colony